Hip Dysplasia

What is Hip Dysplasia ?

Almost all breeds suffer from hip dysplasia to some extent. English Setters are no different. Hip Dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint which can (although not necessarily) lead to arthritic problems in later life. Typically, the ball & socket joint of the hip becomes deformed and does not fit correctly. In some extreme cases, mobility is affected from a relatively young age.

KC/BVA Hip-Scoring Scheme

In recent years, there has been a trend towards X-Raying and scoring of breeding stock in order to ensure that only those animals with acceptable hips are used for breeding. The scoring scheme allows for each animal to be graded according to a set of pre-defined criteria. The scoring range is from 0-53 on each hip (0-106 in total) where 0 represents perfect hips and 106 represents the worst scenario. The current average for English Setters is around 21 (total). This average will probably change as more dogs are scored. The current average for the breed is always given with the BVA sheet returned with the X-ray. 

Interpretation of Hip-Scores

However, it must be recognised that hip dysplasia is not a black and white issue. It is not a matter of whether a dog has or has not got the problem, but rather the extent to which it has the problem. Any mating which uses an animal below the breed average has the potential to improve the overall state of the breed with regard to hip dysplasia. Similarly, use of an animal with a score above the breed average should not necessarily be condemned providing the immediately preceding generations are of low-score and an effort has been made to use a low-scoring stud dog. It is not uncommon for parents with good hips to produce offspring with poor hips as there may be ancestors in the pedigree with poor hips and this can come to the fore in a subsequent generation. 
Occasionally, puppies produced from several generations of low-scoring ancestors can still be affected. It is important to note that veterinary research indicates that there is also an environmental influence on the incidence of HD. Poor management of the growing dog will prevent it reaching it's maximum potential in terms of hip status. Over-exercise, over-feeding, excessive use of vitamins and supplements can all have an adverse affect on the development of bones and joints.

Breeding

A breeder will consider a number of issues when mating a dog and a bitch. Hips are just one of these considerations. Nevertheless, a prospective buyer should enquire about the hip status of the parents and ancestors and take this into account when considering a purchase.